A new study has confirmed the changing pattern of meningococcal disease in Western Australia.
The research, published in The Medical Journal of Australia, reveals that the incidence of the B strain has declined significantly. However, WA has recorded almost double the number of meningococcal cases this year compared with recent years, with the emerging W and Y strains accounting for the increase.
Professor Peter Richmond, Head of the Vaccine Trials Group at the Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, based at The Kids Research Institute Australia, said that while meningococcal B strain was previously responsible for up to 90 per cent of cases, the new research shows rates have been dropping progressively since 2001.
“There are still cases of meningococcal B, particularly in babies aged under 12 months and children under 5 years who remain at the highest risk, but the biggest problem we now have in Western Australia is the newer strains of the deadly disease that are affecting all age groups,” said Professor Richmond.
“There have been 33 cases of meningococcal so far this year – almost double the 17 cases recorded in 2015, with the W strain being responsible for a high number of cases.
“Many healthy people carry meningococcal bacteria harmlessly in their nose and throats, and only a very small proportion of people develop serious, life-threatening infections, but we are seeing a rise of cases due to a lack of immunity throughout the community to the newer strains of the disease.”
In response to the rise of the meningococcal W strain, the WA government is providing a free meningococcal vaccine against the A, C, W and Y strains for teenagers and young adults aged 15 – 19 for the next three years.
Teenagers are at high risk of contracting the newer strains of meningococcal disease due to a lot of close social contact and involvement in activities sharing saliva such as kissing and sharing drinks.
“While it is excellent to see a targeted meningococcal vaccine being provided to the age group most-at- risk, only two-thirds of teenagers have received it so far. With Year 12 leavers celebrations just a few weeks away, now is the perfect time for WA parents to speak to their kids and book an appointment.
“As a parent of four kids, I certainly made sure my children received the vaccine, and providing protection from a disease that can lead to devastating consequences in just a matter of hours is the best gift you can give them.
“The ACWY vaccine is also available for all age groups, including babies from 2 months of age, via private prescription, so I would encourage parents to speak to their general practitioner if they have concerns,” said Professor Richmond.
For further information about the free ACWY vaccine or parent resources about meningococcal disease, visit the Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases website.