Authors:
Clifford HD, Hayden CM, Khoo SK, Naniche D, Mandomando IM, Zhang G, Richmond P, Le Souëf PN
Authors notes:
Tissue Antigens. 2013;82(6):420-422
Keywords:
Africa, CD14, Measles, Polymorphism, Vaccine, Vaccine failure
Abstract:
Considering the high burden of measles disease, including the increase in measles incidence and outbreaks over the last few years, the global annual mortality rates of ~158,000, and the measles vaccine failure rates of >30% in underdeveloped countries, it is important to identify the factors that cause poor responses to measles vaccine.
Host genetics are likely to play a crucial role, particularly variants that alter key innate immune response genes.
The immune development of infants may be affected by early life exposure to bacterial antigens, as Th1 maturation is enhanced by microbial stimulation.
This priming of the immune system may be affected by the CD14 receptor, a critical component in the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), via the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) pathway.
We investigated common CD14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), their functional effects on sCD14 levels, and their associations with measles IgG responses and measles vaccine failure.
We assessed these outcomes in two differing cohorts of measles-vaccinated children from Perth, Western Australia and Manhica, Mozambique, Africa.
To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate CD14 variants with regards to measles vaccine responses.