Authors:
Gaillard R, Welten M, Oddy WH, Beilin LJ, Mori TA, Jaddoe VWV, Huang RC.
Authors notes:
BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2015;123(2):207-16.
Keywords:
Adiposity, Adolescence, Blood pressure, Cohort study, Gestational weight gain, Insulin/glucose, Lipids, Maternal body mass index, Pregnancy
Abstract:
Objective: To assess the associations of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and rates of early-pregnancy, mid-pregnancy and total gestational weight gain with adolescent body fat distribution and cardio-metabolic outcomes.
Design: Population-based prospective cohort study. Setting: Western Australia.
Population: Thousand three hundred and ninety-two mothers and their children.
Methods: Maternal prepregnancy weight was assessed by questionnaire.
Maternal weights at a mean of 16 and 34 weeks of gestation were obtained from medical records.
Offspring adiposity and cardio-metabolic outcomes were assessed at a median age 17 years.
Main outcome measures: Adolescent BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, total and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR.
Results: Higher prepregnancy BMI was associated with higher adolescent BMI, WC, WHR, systolic blood pressure, insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR levels.
Adjustment for adolescent current BMI attenuated the associations of prepregnancy BMI with adolescent cardio-metabolic outcomes.
Higher weight gain in early-pregnancy, but not mid-pregnancy, was associated with higher adolescent BMI, WC and WHR, but not with other cardio-metabolic risk factors.
Total gestational weight gain was associated with adolescent BMI and WC.
Higher prepregnancy BMI and early-pregnancy weight gain were associated with increased risks of the high-metabolic risk cluster in adolescents.
Conclusions: Higher maternal prepregnancy BMI and early-pregnancy weight gain rate are associated with an adverse adolescent cardio-metabolic profile.
These associations are largely mediated by adolescent BMI.