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Bacteriophage: A new therapeutic player to combat neutrophilic inflammation in chronic airway diseasesPersistent respiratory bacterial infections are a clinical burden in several chronic inflammatory airway diseases and are often associated with neutrophil infiltration into the lungs. Following recruitment, dysregulated neutrophil effector functions such as increased granule release and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) result in damage to airway tissue, contributing to the progression of lung disease.
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Macrophage PD-1 associates with neutrophilia and reduced bacterial killing in early cystic fibrosis airway diseaseMacrophages are the major resident immune cells in human airways coordinating responses to infection and injury. In cystic fibrosis, neutrophils are recruited to the airways shortly after birth, and actively exocytose damaging enzymes prior to chronic infection, suggesting a potential defect in macrophage immunomodulatory function.
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Vitamin D supplementation of initially vitamin D-deficient mice diminishes lung inflammation with limited effects on pulmonary epithelial integrityIn disease settings, vitamin D may be important for maintaining optimal lung epithelial integrity and suppressing inflammation, but less is known of its effects prior to disease onset.
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Transcription factor p63 regulates key genes and wound repair in human airway epithelial Basal cellsThe airway epithelium in asthma displays altered repair and incomplete barrier formation.
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Suppression of adrenomedullin contributes to vascular leakage and altered epithelial repair during asthmaThe anti-inflammatory peptide, adrenomedullin (AM), and its cognate receptor are expressed in lung tissue, but its pathophysiological significance in airway...
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The airway epithelium is a direct source of matrix degrading enzymes in bronchiolitis obliterans syndromeLong-term survival after lung transplantation is hindered by the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS).
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Defective cell migration as a mechanism of dysregulated asthmatic airway repairThe findings from this study show that in children with asthma this protective barrier is different from children without asthma.
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Streptococcus pyogenes Surveillance Through Surface Swab Samples to Track the Emergence of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in Rural JapanJapan recently experienced a record surge in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Our environmental surveillance study reveals that Streptococcus pyogenes persists seasonally, peaking in autumn and winter in rural Japan. The dominant emm1 M1UK sublineage and csrS mutations heighten virulence, highlighting the urgent need for targeted surveillance and interventions.
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Complete genome sequence of Burkholderia cenocepacia bacteriophage Karil-mokiny-1Burkholderia cepacia complex causes life-threatening respiratory infections. Here, a bacteriophage with activity against B. cenocepacia was isolated from wastewater. It has a genome size of 70,144 bp and has the taxonomic classification Irusalimvirus. It has no genes associated with lysogeny, bacterial resistance, or virulence.
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Pre-Post Intervention to Strengthen and Sustain the Paediatric ESCALATION System (The SPECS): Study ProtocolPromptly recognising changes in an acutely unwell child’s condition is fundamental to prevent tragic outcomes. Western Australian (WA) healthcare facilities used inconsistent and varied paediatric early warning systems. To improve care consistency, a standardised ESCALATION system, inclusive of family involvement and sepsis recognition, was developed.