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Behavioural sleep problems are common in children. The challenges with establishing and maintaining good sleep hygiene may prove challenging to overcome based on environmental issues such as the liberal availability of electronic media from a young age, permissive parenting, difficult family dynamics and limited parental/carer understanding of a child's sleep needs as they progress through childhood and adolescence.

Although clinical trials are fundamental to advancing evidence-based practice, significant heterogeneity in outcome reporting poses a considerable challenge to the validity of systematic reviews. This inconsistency impedes the ability to compare, synthesise and interpret research findings effectively. In the field of paediatric airway management, this issue is particularly relevant because of the low incidence of critical events and the related high morbidity and mortality. The issue of inadequate and variable outcome reporting in clinical trials has been widely acknowledged, necessitating initiatives to enhance the quality of future research.

The administration of inhaled antibiotics to patients with upper or lower respiratory infections is sometimes conducted via a tracheostomy airway. However, precise dosing via this route remains uncertain, especially in spontaneously breathing paediatric patients. 

Head-mounted devices (HMDs) have been explored in anaesthesia education for their unique ability to have head-tracked immersive simulations adaptable to diverse clinical scenarios. This scoping review examines how HMD-based augmented or virtual reality enhances anaesthetic skill learning in clinicians, trainees, and students.

Critical Events in Anaesthetised Kids undergoing Tracheal Intubation (CRICKET) is a prospective, international multicentre observational study with the objective of capturing, assessing, and analysing critical events associated with tracheal intubation in children.

The clinical consequences of an antibiotic allergy label are detrimental, impacting health care delivery and patient outcomes. We assessed hospital inpatients with intent to offer free antibiotic allergy labeling assessment within a randomized controlled trial. We sought to determine the feasibility of establishing an adult antibiotic allergy delabeling service in a Western Australian tertiary public hospital.  

The Trial Remifentanil DEXmedetomidine trial aimed to determine if, in children < 2 years old, low-dose sevoflurane/dexmedetomidine/remifentanil anesthesia  is superior to standard dose sevoflurane anesthesia in terms of global cognitive function at 3 years of age. 

Tracheostomy tubes act as foreign bodies, predisposing the surrounding airway to respiratory infections. Initial treatment for infections is topical - nebulized tobramycin - although guidelines for standardized treatment are lacking.

Little evidence exists on the postoperative trajectory after paediatric orthopaedic surgery. Pain and behavioural disturbance can have short- and long-term impacts on children and their families. An improved understanding of procedure-specific postoperative trajectories can enhance recovery. The primary outcome was to examine the duration and severity of postoperative pain experienced by children undergoing 10 commonly performed orthopaedic procedures.

This narrative review article summarises the current evidence on environmental exposures before surgery. There is emerging evidence suggesting that environmental exposures before surgery, namely exposure to air pollution and allergenic pollen, may significantly influence the risk of these events occurring.