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Dietary fat and protein impact postprandial hyperglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Glucoregulatory hormones are also known to modulate gastric emptying and may contribute to this effect.
Although recent clinical trials of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use have shown positive glycemic benefit, outcomes outside the research setting may differ and real-world studies over a long time period are limited. In April 2017, CGM was fully subsidized in Australia for people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) <21 years. Perth Children’s Hospital is the sole pediatric diabetes center in Western Australia and is where almost all patients <18 years of age are seen.
The potential of using an electroencephalogram (EEG) to detect hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes has been investigated in both time and frequency domains. Under hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp conditions, we have shown that the brain's response to hypoglycemic episodes could be described by the centroid frequency and spectral gyration radius evaluated from spectral moments of EEG signals.
Benefits of physical activity are well recognized for youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but being active is challenging. In this study, we aimed to investigate the challenges experienced by adolescents, their parents and young adults with T1DM when they are physically active.
Human adenosine deaminases (ADAs) modulate the immune response: ADA1 via metabolizing adenosine, a purine metabolite that inhibits pro-inflammatory and Th1 cytokine production, and the multi-functional ADA2, by enhancing T-cell proliferation and monocyte differentiation. Newborns are relatively deficient in ADA1 resulting in elevated plasma adenosine concentrations and a Th2/anti-inflammatory bias compared to adults.
Under basal insulin levels, there is an inverted U relationship between exercise intensity and exogenous glucose requirements to maintain stable blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes (T1D), with no glucose required for intense exercise (80% V̇O2 peak), implying that high-intensity exercise is not conducive to hypoglycemia.
This study provides evidence for a possible plateauing in the incidence of childhood T1D in Western Australia, following a peak in 2003
The promotion of a low carbohydrate diet in media is in contrast to published pediatric diabetes guidelines that endorse a balanced diet from a variety of foods
This study reports similar glycemic outcomes for patients attending diabetes clinics in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas of WA, suggesting that a model of care provided as outreach from a specialized diabetes service is effective in achieving equitable glycemic outcomes.
We describe a series of 6 cases where adoption of a low carbohydrate diet in children impacted growth and cardiovascular risk factors with potential long-term sequelae.