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Research
Sun-immune connectionExposure to ultraviolet radiation damages skin cell DNA but skin cancers develop because ultraviolet radiation also affects the immune system
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Paediatric asylum seekers in Western Australia: Identification of adversity and complex needs through comprehensive refugee health assessmentPaediatric asylum seekers have complex trauma backgrounds with exposure to multiple adverse events within disrupted family units
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A comparison of major trauma patient transport destination in metropolitan Perth, Western AustraliaThis study examines the characteristics and outcomes of major trauma patients between transport destinations
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Choosing primary endpoints for clinical trials of health care interventionsThis narrative review describes the evolution, range and relative strengths and weaknesses of endpoints used in late phase trials
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Associations of serum short-chain fatty acids with circulating immune cells and serum biomarkers in patients with multiple sclerosisAltered composition of gut bacteria and changes to the production of their bioactive metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been implicated in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the immunomodulatory actions of SCFAs and intermediaries in their ability to influence MS pathogenesis are uncertain. In this study, levels of serum SCFAs were correlated with immune cell abundance and phenotype as well as with other relevant serum factors in blood samples taken at first presentation of Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS; an early form of MS) or MS and compared to healthy controls. There was a small but significant reduction in propionate levels in the serum of patients with CIS or MS compared with healthy controls.
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Coffee and tea consumption during pregnancy and risk of childhood acute myeloid leukemia: A Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC) studyWe investigated the potential association of maternal coffee and tea consumption during pregnancy with childhood acute myeloid leukemia risk
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"This is my boy's health! Talk straight to me!" perspectives on accessible and culturally safe care among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients of clinical genetics servicesAboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people do not enjoy equal access to specialist health services that adequately meet their needs. Clinical genetics services are at the vanguard of realising the health benefits of genomic medicine. As the field continues to expand in clinical utility and implementation, it is critical that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are able to participate and benefit equally to avoid further widening of the existing health gap. This is the first study to explore barriers to accessing clinical genetics services among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, which has been acknowledged as a key strategic priority in Australian genomic health policy.
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Associations of Early- and Later-Childhood Poverty with Child Cognitive Function in Indonesia: Effect Decomposition in the Presence of Exposure-Induced Mediator-Outcome ConfoundingOur analysis shows that early and late intervention to support household income have equal importance with regards to significance of impact.
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Content validation of the Quality of Life Inventory—DisabilitySatisfactory content validity is reported, where ongoing consumer feedback shaped the dataset from which the final items were selected
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Initial acquisition and succession of the cystic fibrosis lung microbiome is associated with disease progression in infants and preschool childrenWe characterized the lower airways microbiome using BAL samples obtained from clinically stable CF young children who underwent bronchoscopy and chest CT.
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Improvement in Psychosocial Outcomes in Children with Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents Following Subsidy for Continuous Glucose MonitoringIntroduction of subsidized CGM showed early improvement in psychosocial and glycemic outcomes in patients and their families in Western Australia
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An assessment of computer-generated stimuli for use in studies of body size estimation and biasOur results show that perception of body size for computer-generated stimuli was non-linear
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Randomised controlled trial of perinatal vitamin D supplementation to prevent early-onset acute respiratory infections among Australian First Nations children: the 'D-Kids' study protocolGlobally, acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. While ARI-related mortality is low in Australia, First Nations infants are hospitalised with ARIs up to nine times more often than their non-First Nations counterparts.
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The Centres for Disease Control light trap and the human decoy trap compared to the human landing catch for measuring Anopheles biting in rural TanzaniaVector mosquito biting intensity is an important measure to understand malaria transmission. Human landing catch (HLC) is an effective but labour-intensive, expensive, and potentially hazardous entomological surveillance tool. The Centres for Disease Control light trap (CDC-LT) and the human decoy trap (HDT) are exposure-free alternatives.
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The Use of Serious Gaming to Improve Sensorimotor Function and Motivation in People with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic ReviewThe aim of this systematic review was to review the evidence for serious gaming interventions in improving sensorimotor function in children and adults with cerebral palsy (CP). Seven databases were searched with terms related to serious gaming and CP.
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Spatial distribution of rotavirus immunization coverage in Ethiopia: a geospatial analysis using the Bayesian approachRotavirus causes substantial morbidity and mortality every year, particularly among under-five children. Despite Rotavirus immunization preventing severe diarrheal disease in children, the vaccination coverage remains inadequate in many African countries including Ethiopia.
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Integrated analyses of zebrafish miRNA and mRNA expression profiles identify miR-29b and miR-223 as potential regulators of optic nerve regenerationZebrafish have the ability to regenerate damaged parts of their central nervous system (CNS) and regain functionality of the affected area.