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OPTIMUM study protocol: an adaptive randomised controlled trial of a mixed whole-cell/acellular pertussis vaccine scheduleCombination vaccines containing whole-cell pertussis antigens were phased out from the Australian national immunisation programme between 1997 and 1999 and replaced by the less reactogenic acellular pertussis (aP) antigens. In a large case-control study of Australian children born during the transition period, those with allergist diagnosed IgE-mediated food allergy were less likely to have received whole-cell vaccine in early infancy than matched population controls (OR: 0.77 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.95)). We hypothesise that a single dose of whole-cell vaccine in early infancy is protective against IgE-mediated food allergy.
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Transplacental Innate Immune Training via Maternal Microbial Exposure: Role of XBP1-ERN1 Axis in Dendritic Cell Precursor ProgrammingWe recently reported that offspring of mice treated during pregnancy with the microbial-derived immunomodulator OM-85 manifest striking resistance to allergic airways inflammation, and localized the potential treatment target to fetal conventional dendritic cell (cDC) progenitors. Here, we profile maternal OM-85 treatment-associated transcriptomic signatures in fetal bone marrow, and identify a series of immunometabolic pathways which provide essential metabolites for accelerated myelopoiesis.
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Whole genome sequencing reveals extensive community-level transmission of group A Streptococcus in remote communitiesThere was evidence of extensive transmission of group A Streptococcus both within households and across the community
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Association of gestational age and growth measures at birth with infection-related admissions to hospital throughout childhoodChildren who were born with reduced gestational age, birthweight, and birth length have persistently increased rates of infection-related admissions to hospital until age 18 years
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Maternal WorkâFamily Conflict and Psychological Distress: Reciprocal Relationships Over 8 YearsEmployed mothers may benefit from policies and workplace practices that promote maternal well-being and reduce conflicts between employment and raising children
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Multiple breath washout cannot be used for tidal breath parameter analysis in infantsThere are differences in tidal breathing parameters during multiple breath washout testing with SF6 gas mixture in infants
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Establishing a process for conducting cross-jurisdictional record linkage in AustraliaWe outline the processes involved in conducting a Proof of Concept data linkage project including the implementation of national data integration principles
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The -308 bp TNF gene polymorphism influences tumor necrosis factor expression in leprosy patients in Bahia State, BrazilTNF mRNA expression was higher in leprosy patients compared to endemic controls, but did not differ significantly between clinical subgroups
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Timing of excision after a non-severe burn has a significant impact on the subsequent immune response in a murine modelEarly excision of the wound, during the phase of immune down-regulation initiated by the burn, maintains an innate and adaptive immune cell response
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N-3 fatty acid supplementation and leukocyte telomere length in patients with chronic kidney diseaseReducing oxidative stress, could modify telomere erosion during cell replication, and cardiovascular disease risk in patients with chronic kidney disease