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Insulin pumps give better glycaemia outcomes for children than MDI

Children with type 1 diabetes using an insulin pump have better glycaemic control than to those using multiple daily injections (MDI) of insulin, a new Children's Diabetes Centre study has found.

Research

Influence of secular trends and sample size on reference equations for lung function tests

The aim of our study was to determine the contribution of secular trends and sample size to lung function reference equations, and establish the number...

Research

Intervention effect of targeted workplace closures may be approximated by single-layered networks in an individual-based model of COVID-19 control

Individual-based models of infectious disease dynamics commonly use network structures to represent human interactions. Network structures can vary in complexity, from single-layered with homogeneous mixing to multi-layered with clustering and layer-specific contact weights. Here we assessed policy-relevant consequences of network choice by simulating different network structures within an established individual-based model of SARS-CoV-2 dynamics.

Research

Shoulder dystocia in babies born to Aboriginal mothers with diabetes: a population-based cohort study, 1998–2015

Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women with diabetes in pregnancy (DIP) are more likely to have glycaemic levels above the target range, and their babies are thus at higher risk of excessive fetal growth. Shoulder dystocia, defined by failure of spontaneous birth of fetal shoulder after birth of the head requiring obstetric maneuvers, is an obstetric emergency that is strongly associated with DIP and fetal size.

Research

FDA Patient-Focused Drug Development Guidances: Considerations for Trial Readiness in Rare Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are rare, often monogenic neurodevelopmental conditions. Most affected individuals have refractory seizures. All have multiple severe impairments which can be as life-limiting as or more limiting than the seizures themselves. Mechanism- and gene-targeted therapies for these individually rare, genetic conditions hold hope for treatment, amelioration of disease expression, and even cure. 

Research

Messages that increase women's intentions to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy

Public awareness-raising campaigns targeting alcohol use during pregnancy are an important part of preventing prenatal alcohol exposure and FASD.

Research

Recommendations from a consensus development workshop on the diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in Australia.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are underdiagnosed in Australia, and health professionals have endorsed the need for national guidelines for diagnosis.

Research

Common variation contributes to the genetic architecture of social communication traits

Social communication difficulties represent an autistic trait that is highly heritable and persistent during the course of development.

Research

Surveillance of antenatal influenza vaccination: Validity of current systems and recommendations for improvement

Although influenza vaccination is recommended during pregnancy as standard of care, limited surveillance data are available for monitoring uptake.

Research

DYRK1A regulates B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through phosphorylation of FOXO1 and STAT3

DYRK1A is a serine/threonine kinase encoded on human chromosome 21 (HSA21) that has been implicated in several pathologies of Down syndrome (DS), including cognitive deficits and Alzheimer's disease. Although children with DS are predisposed to developing leukemia, especially B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the HSA21 genes that contribute to malignancies remain largely undefined. Here, we report that DYRK1A is overexpressed and required for B-ALL. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of DYRK1A decreased leukemic cell expansion and suppressed B-ALL development in vitro and in vivo.