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Machine Learning-Based DNA Methylation Score for Fetal Exposure to Maternal Smoking

Fetal exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with the development of noncommunicable diseases in the offspring. Maternal smoking may induce such long-term effects through persistent changes in the DNA methylome, which therefore hold the potential to be used as a biomarker of this early life exposure. With declining costs for measuring DNA methylation, we aimed to develop a DNA methylation score that can be used on adolescent DNA methylation data and thereby generate a score for in utero cigarette smoke exposure.

The Challenges of Being Physically Active: A Qualitative Study of Young People With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents

Benefits of physical activity are well recognized for youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but being active is challenging. In this study, we aimed to investigate the challenges experienced by adolescents, their parents and young adults with T1DM when they are physically active.

DNA methylation and body mass index from birth to adolescence: meta-analyses of epigenome-wide association studies

DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with adiposity in adulthood. However, whether similar DNA methylation patterns are associated with childhood and adolescent body mass index (BMI) is largely unknown. More insight into this relationship at younger ages may have implications for future prevention of obesity and its related traits. We examined whether DNA methylation in cord blood and whole blood in childhood and adolescence was associated with BMI in the age range from 2 to 18 years using both cross-sectional and longitudinal models.

Hypoglycaemia, fear of hypoglycaemia and quality of life in children with Type 1 diabetes and their parents

To evaluate the association between fear of hypoglycaemia, episodes of hypoglycaemia and quality of life in children with Type 1 diabetes and their parents.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of childhood type 1 diabetes in Western Australia

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and type 1 diabetes in the offspring, using complete...

Exercise to prevent late-onset hypoglycemia in individuals with type1 diabetes

A 10-s sprint performed after 30 min of moderate-intensity exercise does not affect the amount of carbohydrate required to maintain euglycemia postexercise...

Prepubertal Gynecomastia in Boys with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal-dominant disorder that arises as a consequence of mutations in the STK11 gene that encodes LKB1.

Both Dietary Protein and Fat Increase Postprandial Glucose Excursions in Children With Type 1 Diabetes

Our objective was to determine the separate and combined effects of high-protein (HP) and high-fat (HF) meals, with the same carbohydrate content, on...

First genome-wide association study in an Australian Aboriginal population provides insights into genetic risk factors for body mass index and type 2 diabetes

A body mass index (BMI) >22kg/m2 is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Aboriginal Australians.

Fatness, fitness, and increased cardiovascular risk in young children

To investigate the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity among young children, and their influence on a comprehensive cardiovascular ris