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Research

Aminoglycoside use in paediatric febrile neutropenia - Outcomes from a nationwide prospective cohort study

Aminoglycosides are commonly prescribed to children with febrile neutropenia (FN) but their impact on clinical outcomes is uncertain and extent of guideline compliance is unknown. We aimed to review aminoglycoside prescription and additional antibiotic prescribing, guideline compliance and outcomes for children with FN.

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Role of maternal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality risk: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

We plan to examine whether prenatal maternal mental health disorders impact the risk of stillbirth and infant mortality

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Association between diesel engine exhaust exposure and lung function in Australian gold miners

Diesel engine exhaust exposures were higher in underground miners and had a negative association with their lung function over a single 12-h shift

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Pregnancy and birth outcomes of mothers with intellectual disability and their infants: Advocacy needed to improve well-being

For mothers with intellectual disability, modifiable risk factors for adverse outcomes need addressing

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Factors associated with pneumococcal carriage in children and adults in Fiji, using four cross-sectional surveys

This study describes predictors of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage and density in Fiji. We used data from four annual cross-sectional surveys, pre- and post-introduction of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in October 2012. Infants, toddlers, children, and their caregivers participated. Pneumococci were detected and quantified using lytA qPCR, with molecular serotyping by microarray. Logistic and quantile regression were used to determine predictors of pneumococcal carriage and density, respectively.

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Laryngeal reflex responses in pediatric anesthesia

Laryngeal and respiratory reflexes are vitally important defense mechanisms against foreign body aspiration, safeguarding airway patency, and ventilation

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Subgroups of Temperament Associated with Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants with Early Signs of Autism

Links between temperament and social-emotional difficulties are well-established in normative child development but remain poorly characterized in autism. We sought to characterize distinct temperament subgroups and their associations with concurrent internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a sample of 103 infants showing early signs of autism.

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Variants associated with HHIP expression have sex-differential effects on lung function

Lung function is highly heritable and differs between the sexes throughout life. However, little is known about sex-differential genetic effects on lung function. We aimed to conduct the first genome-wide genotype-by-sex interaction study on lung function to identify genetic effects that differ between males and females.