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Chest computed tomography: a validated surrogate endpoint of cystic fibrosis lung disease?

Clinical trials for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease are important to test and optimise new therapeutic interventions.

Distribution of Early Structural Lung Changes due to Cystic Fibrosis Detected with Chest Computed Tomography

To examine the distribution of early structural lung changes in clinically stable infants and young children with cystic fibrosis using chest computed...

Novel end points for clinical trials in young children with cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease commences early in the disease progression and is the most common cause of mortality.

Progression of early structural lung disease in young children with cystic fibrosis assessed using CT

Cross-sectional studies implicate neutrophilic inflammation and pulmonary infection as risk factors for early structural lung disease in infants and young...

Suppression of adrenomedullin contributes to vascular leakage and altered epithelial repair during asthma

The anti-inflammatory peptide, adrenomedullin (AM), and its cognate receptor are expressed in lung tissue, but its pathophysiological significance in airway...

Hypoglycemia does not change the threshold for arousal from sleep in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

In adolescents with type 1 diabetes, hypoglycemia does not impair arousal from slow-wave sleep induced by an external auditory stimulus.

Real time monitoring of respiratory viral infections in cohort studies using a smartphone app

Cohort studies investigating respiratory disease pathogenesis aim to pair mechanistic investigations with longitudinal virus detection but are limited by the burden of methods tracking illness over time. In this study, we explored the utility of a purpose-built AERIAL TempTracker smartphone app to assess real-time data collection and adherence monitoring and overall burden to participants, while identifying symptomatic respiratory illnesses in two birth cohort studies.

Real world effectiveness of early ensitrelvir treatment in patients with SARS-CoV-2, a retrospective case series

Ensitrelvir, a 3C-like protease inhibitor, received emergency approval in Japan in November 2022 for treating non-hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. However, confirmation of its real-world clinical effectiveness is limited.

Does lung function in preschoolers help to predict asthma in later life?

The earliest respiratory function assessments, within or close to the neonatal period, consistently show correlations with lung function and with the development of asthma into adulthood. Measurements of lung function in infancy reflect the in utero period of lung development, and if early enough, show little influence of postnatal environmental exposures. 

Gut Microbiome and Associated Metabolites Following Bariatric Surgery and Comparison to Healthy Controls

The gut microbiome plays a significant role in regulating the host’s ability to store fat, which impacts the development of obesity. This observational cohort study recruited obese adult men and women scheduled to undergo sleeve gastrectomy and followed up with them 6 months post-surgery to analyse their microbial taxonomic profiles and associated metabolites in comparison to a healthy control group.