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Research

Worldwide variation in human milk metabolome: Indicators of breast physiology and maternal lifestyle?

This study investigates the variation of human milk metabolites in human milk between five different countries

Research

The Canmore Declaration: Statement of Principles for Planetary Health

We provide the Canmore Declaration, a Statement of Principles for Planetary Health

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Teleaudiology services for rehabilitation with hearing aids in adults: A systematic review

This review provides up-to-date evidence for teleaudiology hearing aid services in new and experienced hearing aid users in different practice settings

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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of vitamin D in food allergy

Epidemiological evidence from the past decade suggests a role of vitamin D in food allergy pathogenesis

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β-Lactamase Tools for Establishing Cell Internalization and Cytosolic Delivery of Cell Penetrating Peptides

The β-lactamase assays provide compatible tools for functional characterization of CPP activity and the delivery of biological cargos into cells

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Large-Scale Structural Variation Detection in Subterranean Clover Subtypes Using Optical Mapping

The accuracy of structural variations detection by Bionano optical mapping is highly dependent on the quality of reference genomes and the density of selected nickases

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Rhinovirus is the most common virus and rhinovirus-C is the most common species in paediatric intensive care respiratory admissions

This is the first report examining the role of different rhinovirus species in ARIs in children admitted to a tertiary PICU

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Health and climate change MJA–Lancet Countdown report: Australia gets another failing grade in 2020 but shows signs of progress

At the end of 2019 and into 2020, catastrophic fires in Australia consumed homes, lives, wildlife, and land. Just as the fires subsided, Australia, like the rest of the world, faced another emergency—the COVID-19 pandemic. It is instructive to reflect on lessons from the health disasters of the past year. Following publication of the Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change, the Medical Journal of Australia (MJA)–Lancet Australian Countdown was published in December, 2020. This annual report on health and climate change in Australia is in its third year and comprises the efforts of five Australian institutions, in collaboration with University College London, UK, facilitated by a partnership between The Lancet and the MJA.

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Aging of preleukemic thymocytes drives CpG island hypermethylation in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Cancer cells display DNA hypermethylation at specific CpG islands in comparison to their normal healthy counterparts, but the mechanism that drives this so-called CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) remains poorly understood. Here, we show that CpG island methylation in human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) mainly occurs at promoters of Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2) target genes that are not expressed in normal or malignant T-cells and which display a reciprocal association with H3K27me3 binding.