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Not all children or teenagers identify with the gender they were assigned at birth. As a result, some may choose to change their name, their clothes or their body. With considerably higher rates of depression, anxiety, self-harm and attempted suicide, the need for specialist mental health services has been recognised.

Diabetes is the name for a number of different metabolic disorders in which the body's healthy levels of blood sugar (glucose) can't be maintained.Diabetes can have a significant impact on quality of life should complications develop. Diabetes can affect the individual's entire body.

Glue ear is when a child's middle ear fills with sticky fluid behind the ear drum. A common condition, glue ear usually goes undetected, as it's not an obvious condition from the outside.

Occurring in 1% of school-aged children, Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by uncontrollable movements and vocalisations known as tics.

Meningitis is when the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord (meninges) become infected by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis.

Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease.

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have become a leading form of nicotine use among children and adolescents worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 15 million young teenagers currently use these products. Contrary to early claims regarding reduced harm, e‑cigarettes expose users to a range of toxic substances, including carcinogens and, increasingly, synthetic nicotine compounds and other psychoactive agents.

This study describes the carer- and self-reported mealtime challenges for children and young people with cerebral palsy. These data are novel and incorporate the consumer's perspective to inform service delivery.

Vaccination is the injection of an inactivated bacteria or virus into the body. This simulated infection allows an individual's immune system to develop an adaptive immunity for protection against that type of illness. When a sufficiently large percentage of a population has been vaccinated, this results in herd immunity.

Sibling profiles, including sibling status (only-child or sibling) and sibling characteristics (sibling size, birth order, and sex), can impact on lived experiences and social interactions, and operate as protective or risk factors for a wide range of health and well-being indicators and outcomes. Using population-based data linkage to disability-specific databases, sibling profiles were compared between families of children with and without neurodevelopmental conditions.